Termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly: A qualitative study from Turkey on women's experiences.

BACKGROUND: Termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly is an unexpected traumatic event for women. It can cause serious complications that can negatively affect both the physical and psychological health of women. AIM: This study aims to examine the experiences of women who underwent medical termination for fetal anomaly in the second trimester. METHODS: The study included 12 women whose pregnancies were terminated due to fetal anomaly. Data were collected through in-depth interviews until data sufficiency was reached. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. This study was conducted using an inductive qualitative design. The women's statements were examined and double-coded. By examining the codes, main themes were created after sub-themes. RESULTS: Women's experiences were analyzed in five themes: difficulty in decision-making (1), emotional impact (2), stigmatization (3), dilemma between hope and anxiety (4), and post-termination care and support needs (5). Participants stated that they experienced many emotions such as indecision, sadness, helplessness, guilt, and remorse during the medical termination process. Hope, anxiety, fear, social pressure and support needs were also frequently experienced in this process. CONCLUSION: Termination of pregnancy in the second trimester due to fetal anomaly caused significant psychological symptoms. In order to prevent long-term health complications, it will be important for health professionals to provide interventions designed to meet the demands of women diagnosed with fetal anomaly.

The effectiveness of aromatherapy in the management of labor pain: A meta-analysis.

One non-pharmacological method that can be used to safely and without negative side effects is aromatherapy. This meta-analysis study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of aromatherapy in the treatment of labor pain. The analysis included 14 randomized controlled trials of aromatherapy interventions for labor pain. In the studies, it was observed that aromatherapy was applied through massage and inhalation using oils such as lavender, jasmine, rose, chamomile, bitter orange, and boswellia. In the meta-analysis, it was discovered that aromatherapy had a beneficial effect on the management of labor pain and reduced labor pain in the intervention group in 11 studies; it was found that there was no effect in 3 studies. According to analysis findings, aromatherapy significantly lessened the intensity of labor pain. The study's findings support the notion that aromatherapy can lessen labor pain.

Workplace breastfeeding support for working women: A scale development study.

Objective: In this study, authors aimed to develop a scale to evaluate workplace breastfeeding support. Methods: The study was carried out with 490 working women who applied to the women's and children's outpatient clinics of a hospital in Turkey. The study data were collected by using a 'Personal Information Form' and the 'Workplace Breastfeeding Support for Working Women Draft Scale'. The data were analyzed on SPSS 25 and AMOS 21 software packages. In the development process of the scale; Content validity, exploratory factor analysis, item-total score correlation methods and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient were used. Results: The content validity index of the scale was 0.90, and the Cronbach's alpha value was 0.93. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of the scale was 0.91, Bartlett test values were χ2 = 11,573.924 and p < 0.000. According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis for the construct validity of the scale, the scale consisted of 31 items and 6 factors. Conclusions: The developed scale can be used to evaluate workplace breastfeeding support for working women as a valid and reliable measurement tool.

Turkish nurses' leadership orientations and clinical decision-making skills.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the leadership orientations of nurses and their clinical decision-making skills. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This descriptive study was conducted between June and December 2018 on nurses working at three hospitals in Turkey. This study was completed with 1,100 nurses. The Personal Information Form, Leadership Orientation Scale and Clinical Decision-Making Scale in Nursing were used for data collection. FINDINGS: A significant correlation was found between the leadership orientations of nurses and age, sex, institution where they were employed, time spent in the profession, being in a management position and satisfaction with the current unit of employment (p < 0.05), and a significant correlation was found between clinical decision-making skills of nurses and age, sex and occupational status (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the mean scores of the Leadership Orientation Scale and Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (p < 0.05). ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The development of leadership orientations of nurses positively affects their clinical decision-making skills. In this respect, it is important to instill effective leadership orientations in nurses and to incorporate novel training methods in nursing education to develop accurate and timely clinical decision-making skills.

Sexual dysfunction in the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum period: a prospective longitudinal study.

The purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) in women in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 8 week and 6 months in the postpartum period, as well as to identify the factors affecting sexual function in the postpartum period. 110 pregnant women were included in the study. The results showed significant differences in the scores between pregnancy and 6 months after delivery and between 8 weeks and 6 months after delivery. The scores in desire, sexual arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction subdimensions were significantly higher and the score in pain subdimension was significantly lower at 6 months than during pregnancy and at eight weeks after delivery. Sexual dysfunction is a common problem in women in the last trimester of pregnancy and at eight weeks after delivery. However, this problem substantially resolves at postpartum 6 months.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Physiological, psychological, and hormonal changes, especially during pregnancy and postpartum period, have a considerable impact on sexual function. Therefore, identifying various aspects of sexual problems during pregnancy and postpartum period and improving the body of knowledge about sexual function would contribute to the health of women and couples.What the results of this study add? Sexual dysfunction is a common problem in women in the last trimester of pregnancy and at 8 weeks after delivery. However, this problem substantially resolves at postpartum 6 months.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? A striking finding in the study is the increase of SD risk in the sixth month of postpartum with women's starting to work. This problem, which has been addressed sparsely in the current literature, can be considered a condition requiring an in-depth research.

The social and psychological consequences of women getting pregnant with fertility treatment: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: This study focuses on psychological and social problems of women getting pregnant with fertility before and after pregnancy. This study to gain a more in-depth understanding of the processes in which infertility affected the kinds of psychological and social consequences they experienced. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative descriptive design was used in the study. The descriptive and thematic content analysis methods were used for the analysis of the data obtained for the study. FINDINGS: The identified themes are as follows: (1) society's social and psychological pressure, (2) isolation from the "fertile" world, (3) effects on marital relationship, (4) perspectives of family members, (5) experiencing pregnancy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Supportive counseling provided by nurses can be an integral component of treatment in infertile women.

Effect of Massage With Lavender Oil on Postoperative Pain Level of Patients Who Underwent Gynecologic Surgery: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

This was a randomized, placebo-controlled study. The sample consisted of 3 groups of patients: an experimental group, massage application with lavender oil (n = 15); a placebo group, massage application with ultrasound gel (n = 15); and a control group (n = 15). Massage application was performed 3 hours after analgesic application. Pain levels of the patients in the experiment and placebo groups were evaluated with a Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) at the 30th minute and the 3rd hour after the application. Similarly, the pain level of patients in the control group was also evaluated with the VRS at 3 hours after the initial analgesic administration and following the 30th minute and the 3rd hour. Generally, the VRS scores of the 3 groups did not show a significant difference in terms of group and time interaction (P = .221). However, there was a significant difference in VRS scores between the experimental and control groups at the 30th minute after the massage (P = .036). This difference was caused by the lower pain level of the group, which had massage with lavender (2.66 ± .89) compared with the control group (3.80 ± 1.01). According to the study results, while only hand massage application after gynecologic surgery was effective for a short period in decreasing postoperative pain, it was determined that massage application with lavender had a longer effect in decreasing postoperative pain. The results of this study showed that this inexpensive and easy-to-apply method can be safely performed by nurses on postoperative patients and can support pain management of patients in the first hours after gynecologic surgery.

Antioxidant activity of novel imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular docking study and in silico ADME prediction.

A series of novel oxo-hydrazone and spirocondensed-thiazolidine derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of 18 newly synthesized compounds and 12 previously reported compounds bearing similar scaffold, were evaluated by three different methods: inhibition of FeCl3/ascorbate system-induced lipid peroxidation of lecithin liposome (anti-LPO), scavenging activity against ABTS radical and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) activity. 4h, 5h, and 6h displayed the highest anti-LPO and ABTS radical removal activity. Also, in FRAP analysis, 4i and 4a displayed the best activity. In addition to the in vitro analysis, docking studies targeting the active site of Human peroxiredoxin 5 (PDB ID: 1HD2) were employed to explore the possible interactions of these compounds with the receptor. Structure-activity relationships, as well as virtual ADME studies, were carried out and a relationship between biological, electronic, and physicochemical qualifications of the target compounds was determined.

Investigating the Effect of a Structured Discharge Training Program on Patient Outcomes Following Gynecologic Oncology Surgery.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a discharge training program structured according to the Roy adaptation model (RAM) on patient outcomes (quality of life, coping-adaptation, self-esteem) following gynecologic oncology surgery. This nonrandomized intervention studies consisted of two stages. In the first stage, patients were interviewed, patient needs after discharges were determined. Interview data were analyzed, and RAM-based training booklet was prepared. This booklet was prepared in line with a number of themes. In the second stage, the study was conducted with a sample of 36 control and 36 intervention patients, who were included in the discharge training program. Data was collected preoperatively, at 9th and 13th weeks after discharge. The mean quality of life and coping/adaptation scores of the intervention group at 13th weeks were significantly higher than those of the control group, however, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of mean self-esteem scores.

Partnership between academic nursing and clinical practice: A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of a partnership between a nursing school and a large-scale urban hospital on healthcare education, practice and research. METHODS: The qualitative study was conducted from April 2013 to January 2014 at a nursing school and an urban hospital at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia in the United States, and comprised health professionals including nursing faculty members, nurse clinicians and nurse managers from the two institutions. Data was collected through in-depth interviews using an open-ended questionnaire. Data was subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Of the 16 health professionals, 8(50%) were faculty members at the school of nursing, and 8(50%) were nurse clinicians/manager at the hospital. Major themes that emerged were mutual gains and benefits; clinical educators as the cornerstones of the partnership; leaders as key actors; and roadblocks to sustaining collaboration. The partnership benefitted both parties, particularly those in clinical practice, despite some challenges to long-term sustainability. The roles of clinical educator and team leader were critical in both settings. CONCLUSIONS: The partnership between academics and practice carried critical importance in terms of enhancing quality patient care, student training, professional development and increasing research capacity.

Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents.

A series of novel acyl-hydrazone (4a-d) and spirothiazolidinone (5a-d, 6a-d) derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral and antimycobacterial activity. The antituberculosis activity was evaluated by using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay and the antiviral activity was evaluated against diverse viruses in mammalian cell cultures. According to the biological activity studies of the compounds, 5a-c displayed hope promising antitubercular activity, 6d was found as potent for Coxsackie B4 virus, 5d was found as effective against Feline corona and Feline herpes viruses. Consequently, the obtained results displayed that, 5a-d and 6d present a leading structure for future drug development due to its straightforward synthesis and relevant bioactivity.

Factors affecting breastfeeding motivation in primiparious mothers: An application of breastfeeding motivation scale based on self-determination theory.

Researchers aim to adapt the breastfeeding motivation scale and to determine the effect of socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric properties and breastfeeding status on type of breastfeeding motivation. The study sample consisted of 250 mothers those who were primiparious. We recorded the telephone numbers of mothers staying in the Postpartum Services of the hospitals and applied data collection tools by home visits at eighth week postnatal. The autonomous motivations of the mothers who were exclusively breastfeeding their babies were higher than those partially breastfeeding. In addition, advanced age, high education level, nonsmoking status and breastfeeding support were factors that positively affected breastfeeding motivation.

The Quality of Life and Dyadic Adjustment of Couples Receiving Infertility Treatment.

The aim of this study was to determine the factors that affect the dyadic adjustment and quality of life of individuals receiving infertility treatment and to evaluate the effect of dyadic adjustment on their quality of life. This study was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study with 209 males and 213 females. The study data was collected using an introductory information form about socio-demographic characteristics, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the FertiQol Scale. The main findings of the study were that gender and marital status influenced dyadic adjustment and quality of life (p <0.05), and that income status affected only dyadic adjustment (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship (37%) between scores for dyadic adjustment and scores for quality of life (p <0.001). It was determined that females in infertility treatment had lower dyadic adjustment and quality of life than men.

Views of Women's Sexuality and Violence Against Women in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Investigation Among University Students.

PURPOSE: This study explored Turkish university students' views of women-related issues--gender roles, sexuality, and violence against women. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 605 students--337 females and 268 males--at Ankara University, Turkey. A survey exploring students' views of female sexuality and violence was used. Comparisons of responses were made among groups based on sex, year of study at the university, and field of study at the university. RESULTS: Three relevant findings were found: male students had more traditional, nonegalitarian approaches toward women's issues than female students; educational levels and fields of study did not significantly influence students' views of women; and a small percentage of students approve of violence against women. DISCUSSION: These results show that patriarchal values in Turkish society influence the formation of students' opinions, and university education alone cannot affect everyone's views of gender roles, women's sexuality, and violence against women.

Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.

A novel series of indolylthiosemicarbazides (6a-6g) and their cyclization products, 4-thiazolidinones (7a-7g), have been designed, synthesized and evaluated, in vitro, for their antiviral activity against a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses. Compounds 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d exhibited notable antiviral activity against Coxsackie B4 virus, at EC50 values ranging from 0.4 to 2.1 µg/mL. The selectivity index (ratio of cytotoxic to antivirally effective concentration) values of these compounds were between 9 and 56. Besides, 6b, 6c and 6d also inhibited the replication of two other RNA viruses, Sindbis virus and respiratory syncytial virus, although these EC50 values were higher compared to those noted for Coxsackie B4 virus. The SAR analysis indicated that keeping the free thiosemicarbazide moiety is crucial to obtain this antiviral activity, since the cyclization products (7a-7g) did not produce any antiviral effect.

2-[6-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thia-zol-3-yl]-N-[8-(4-hy-droxy-phen-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxo-1-thia-4-aza-spiro-[4.5]decan-4-yl]acetamide ethanol disolvate.

In the title compound, C(28)H(27)BrN(4)O(3)S(2)·2C(2)H(6)O, the cyclo-hexane ring adopts a chair conformation. The imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thia-zole ring system is essentially planar with a dihedral angle of 1.1 (2)° between the thia-zole and imidazole rings. The mean plane of this ring system makes dihedral angles of 8.11 (16) and 79.43 (17)°, respectively, with the bromo- and hy-droxy-substituted benzene rings. In the 5-methyl-1,3-thia-zolidin-4-one group, the S atom, the methyl group and the ring C atoms bonded to them are disordered over two sets of sites with refined occupancies of 0.610 (19) and 0.390 (19). The crystal structure features N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π inter-actions. Furthermore, two weak π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.967 (3) and 3.892 (2) Å] are also observed.

Synthesis and primary cytotoxicity evaluation of new imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives.

A series of arylidenehydrazides (3a-3i) were synthesized from [6-(4-bromophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-yl]acetic acid hydrazide. The structures of new compounds were determined by analytical and spectral (IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, EIMS) methods. The synthesized compounds (3a-3i) were evaluated in the National Cancer Institute's 3-cell line, one dose in vitro primary cytotoxicity assay. Compounds 3a-3c, 3h and 3i which passed the criteria for activity in this assay were scheduled automatically for evaluation against the full panel of 60 human tumour cell lines at a minimum of five concentrations at 10-fold dilutions. Compounds 3c demonstrated the most marked effects on a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3, log(10)GI(50) value<-8.00).

Nurses' and midwives' views on approaches to hymen examination.

Premarital sexual relations are unacceptable for women within Turkish society's understanding and perception of honour. If there is any suspicion about virginity, young girls are forced to undergo hymen examination against their will, which frequently results in attemped suicide. The most frequent cause of suicide in young Turkish girls is hymen examination. Nurses and midwives are always involve in this procedure. The purpose of this study was to determine the views of and approaches to hymen examination by nurses and midwives. Of those who participated in this study, 80.2% had been present during a hymen examination, 40.4% indicated that virginity had a special significance in the society owing to social pressures, and 37.5% indicated that they agreed with the view that the idea of virginity puts restraints on a woman's sexual life, whereas sexual activity is a physiological need. They also indicated their opposition to hymen examination imposed without the individual's consent. They agreed that stopping this practice depended more on the social structural changes required than on legal measures.